منابع مشابه
Ecological limits to plant phenotypic plasticity.
Phenotypic plasticity is considered the major means by which plants cope with environmental heterogeneity. Although ubiquitous in nature, actual phenotypic plasticity is far from being maximal. This has been explained by the existence of internal limits to its expression. However, phenotypic plasticity takes place within an ecological context and plants are generally exposed to multifactor envi...
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Organisms have a remarkable capacity to respond to environmental change. They can either respond directly, by means of phenotypic plasticity, or they can slowly adapt through evolution. Yet, how phenotypic plasticity links to evolutionary adaptability is largely unknown. Current studies of plasticity tend to adopt a phenomenological reaction norm (RN) approach, which neglects the mechanisms und...
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Model systems, including C. elegans, have been successfully studied to understand the genetic control of development. A genotype's phenotype determines its evolutionary fitness in natural environments, which are typically harsh, heterogeneous and dynamic. Phenotypic plasticity, the process by which one genome can produce different phenotypes in response to the environment, allows genotypes to b...
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Renin is the first and rate-limiting step of the renin-angiotensin system. The exclusive source of renin in the circulation are the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney, which line the afferent arterioles at the entrance of the glomeruli. Normally, renin production by these cells suffices to maintain homeostasis. However, under chronic stimulation of renin release, for instance during a low-salt...
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In a repeated principal-agent model with moral hazard, in which the agent has βδ-preferences, we analyze the case where the agent is näıve in the sense that he is not fully aware of his inconsistent discounting. We consider the possibility of principal manipulating the näıveté of the agent. Surprisingly, when the principal wants to implement the high effort, there are no gains to the principal ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Experimental Botany
سال: 2020
ISSN: 0022-0957,1460-2431
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa268